I'm sorry, but thats not entirely true (depends on what semantics you use).
No, you can't SEND information (1's and 0's by the pulses (or lack of pulses) of photons or electrons) faster than light.
You can however TRANSFER information faster than light would have reached the same destination. This is incredibly enough not even science fiction now. Today in 2015 (actually some years ago), we can literally transfer information from one location to another instantaneously, without any travel time. This is due to quantum entanglement where two entangled particles instantly affect one-another no matter the physical distance. If you change the spin of particle 1, it immediately also changes the spin of particle 2. Thus, by changing the spin in a patterned sequence, you can transmit information. The same concept as using 1's and 0's (sending an electron, or not sending an electron) to create a binary message.
This has been done by successfully changing the spin of a particle in Japan which immediately also changed the spin of the entangled particle in the US.
You are incorrect.
Information cannot be transferred faster than light.
The entangled state does not transfer information anywhere. You have the incorrect impression of what's happening in the spin state example.
You don't change the spin state of particle 1. It is not possible to flip the states as you describe and thereby transmit a code of some sort. You don't know the particles state. It's in an indeterminate state of the two possibilities x and y (for this example). That's why it's possible to entangle the states.
What happens is that both particles are in a superposition, or indeterminate spin state. You send one particle over there somewhere. Both particles are still indeterminate but they are now separated by a reasonable distance, lets say 100m.
Then the experimenter measures the spin of one of the particles and finds it to be spin x.
The other particle when measured is found to have spin y.
They were both indeterminate, you measure one to find its state, you then subsequently find the other particle in the other state.
It looks like what has happened is that you measure the first particle and then that particles sends a message to the other particle to tell it to be in the other state. But that's not what's happening. They are both indeterminate. They can only be in one of the two states.
No information is transferred between them. You cannot use this to transmit messages, data, or any other form of information.
Currently no one knows how the other particles ends up in a determined state even though you have not interacted with it. Further it is also not known how the time of measurement choice affects the results, only that it does. c.f. delayed choice experiment.
In other words you cannot have someone sit by particle 2 and wait for it to change from an indeterminate state. And then, when it does change, they then use that as a signal to perform an action.
To monitor the state of particle 2 you must interact with it, you must measure it. That act of measurement collapses the entanglement and the particles state becomes determined.
Same goes for the first particle.
Can't use it to send information.
It's like having a black ball and a white ball in a bag. You put a blindfold on and pull out a ball and give that ball to a friend who is also blindfolded.
Your friend then walks a mile away. Still neither of you know which ball you have.
Then your friend looks at their ball and finds they have the white one.
Instantly they know you have the black one.
No information transferred.
You remove your blindfold and find you have the black one. No surprises.
That's it.
Can't use that to send a code.
Quantum entanglement is poorly understood and many claims are made by people who have a poor understanding of what it is. No one knows what it is completely but that does not mean there are people who know a lot about it. No one knows everything about it. Yet.
We need a better theoretical framework in order to begin to make sense of seemingly counter-intuitive results of entanglement experiments.
Have a read of the Wikipedia article on the double-slit experiment, then move onto delayed choice etc...
It'll wreck your head.
Just don't go filling the gaps in your knowledge with things when those gaps are there because we don't know those things.
