OP, to answer your question: Yes, while in Open, it's normal that anyone can be attacked by other players anywhere, at any time, for any reason as well as no reason.
PVP in Elite can take many forms, from arranged competitions between individuals or wings, to "organic" fights between the people you come across, to ganking newbies at Engineering bases. All of these are examples of "player versus player" interaction, and in Elite there is never any promise that the fight will be fair or balanced. In fact, because there is no skill or level based matchmaking of any kind, a brand-new player can and will end up interacting with a battle-hardened veteran with endgame gear.
With that said, there are plenty of experienced players, including gankers, who are more than happy to help new players with questions. I know this sounds like the height of counter-intuitive hypocrisy, but you're just going to have to trust me when I say that it's true. These players may send friend requests after they gank someone, and if they do, consider accepting it. They may be eager to offer you some tips and advice on how to survive a gank attempt in the future. Some of them have even created training programs to help new players gain the skills and knowledge to feel confident flying in Open. One of the best-known is
@Sir Ganksalot 's Gank Evasion Academy:
https://discord.gg/aFSzbXe
To wrap up, yes, this kind of PVP - ganking - is one of the "features" of the Open game mode. It's not for everyone, and if it isn't for you, it's understandable. You have options, which have already been outlined in this thread.
I'm CMDR D'ANQUEMEME in game. I would be happy to accept your friend request and help you in any way I can if you have questions. Full disclosure, I am also a filthy ganker. With that said, I was given a lot of help in Elite when I got started - by the person who ganked me, as it turns out - and I am carrying on that tradition. I know it sounds weird, but it's a thing. I wish you the best of luck, whatever you decide to do.
Good luck CMDR and fly dangerous.