OK so let's consider the scenario - you're in combat with someone, they are at full hull/shields, they disconnect (for whatever reason) and on your screen, they just blow up? That's not realistic at all (given that FDEV is, or were, trying to keep things relatively grounded in real science.) What's to stop me from forcing a disconnect for your machine? (I know your IP, we're in a P2P instance together ...) Moreover, there is no way to know if a disconnect was genuine or not - could be a loss of power to a house; ISP issues; could be a client crash (bug); could be deliberate .. the point here is that there is no way to know the intention of the pilot, be it during combat or not. (Repeated disconnects during combat FDEV claim to be monitoring for, but I have not seen any evidence of this.) For me, ED is a game, and personally I would rather err on the side of caution, and assume the pilot was not cheating, and deal with repeat offenders than to assume everyone is cheating.
Blizzard/WoW got it right with the server-client setup... If you disconnect in the battlegrounds (PvP) the server held your body in-game for a period of time, during which you could be killed. As ED is not a true server-client game (with many connections P2P) there is not an "easy" way to fix this, bar rewriting everything. Accept it, report those who CLog on you, and move on .. it's not the end of the world ;-)