So between us we got most of it but nobody got first discoveries as something that is not wiped. My comprehensive(?) list:
Reset save removes:
Ranks, stored ships, credits, current ship, faction rep and local rep. It clears statistics such as hours played, it clears exploration data to view systems and pretty much everything else like fighter pilots etc.
It also clears Holo-Me saves.
It does NOT remove:
Store purchases (although you won't own the ships to put paintjobs etc on).
Game settings (graphics etc).
Friends list. Even changing your Cmdr name you will still have your list, they just see you as a new name now.
First Discoveries. You can't see the systems anymore unless you re-visit them, however, your tag on planets/stars etc is eternal!
Anything out of game like voice control etc obv not affected
Knowledge and experience etc.
Let me know if I missed anything.
I second Aaron Ts point. I have my primary acc I will never reset and a secondary that I bought for £15 in a sale. I've reset the 2nd account over 30 times so far iirc because I use it for roleplay under different cmdr names. Never normally get past an Asp E in credit/ship value and hardly ever engineer.