1. Yes, it's true.
2. Yes
3. Yes, stay in SC. No, heatsinks don't help - It's the structural strain of the intense magnetic field and the physical buffeting from the jet that kills you.
4. Enter the jet at an upward angle, away from the star. Aim for near the end of the jet. A few Mm/sec until you're in the jet, then zero throttle until charged, then get out of there.
5. At this point, you have no directional control, but you always head out in more or less the same direction that you entered - which is why you enter at an angle pointing AWAY from the star. Boost has no effect in SC. All ships have the same acceleration & top speed in SC
6. I don't know, but I suspect they're all about the same, because making them different would be more work for the Devs.
7. I don't know, but shields make no difference when scooping from a normal star, so probably no difference at WD/NS's either.
8. You can't steer in the jet. That's why you enter it pointing away from the star.
9. Yes (as far as I know). In SC, your FSD is the only thing that takes damage (1% each time you get the "FSD tolerances exceeded" message - so get in, charge, and get out)
10. Disconnects, and accidentally hitting "J".

11. As long as you canopy isn't destroyed (you're on life support) you can repair it with a AFMU. AFMU's are power-hungry, so you may need to turn something else off to use it.
12. No
13. It might give you some more time if you drop out of SC
14. I find my mind wanders after a joint. You want to stay focused.
15. I find my mind wanders after a joint. You want to stay focused.