I did that at least seven or so times last night. All it did was move me a little further away from the planet each time.
Did you really quit the game?
You know that the game still runs in the background if you go to home screen from the game menu, where you see your ship and commander/arx data.
To really quit, while in the home screen with ED tile selected, you need to press the small button above the Right-Stick and select Quit.
I'm insisting on this because it made the difference between me able to play the game in a carrier infested system and re-trying to jump to SC indefinitely.