They can look at analytics though. It's may not be a popular idea to punish players who have random disconnects (personally I'm of the opinion that you shouldn't be allowed to play an online-only game with a shared universe where your actions, even in solo, impact everyone if your network can't handle it), but if there's a clear pattern of players somehow losing connection during combat situations then who's going to feel bad for them if Frontier wield the banhammer?
Who wants that job? "Yes, I work in the analytics department. I look at logs all day to find patterns in thousands of players connection habits to make sure they're not intentionally logging out in the middle of combat."
And who would pay them? What profit do they bring to the company?
That much aside, what loss is there to the attacker when his target logs out on him? A few rounds of wasted ammo? Maybe some minor repairs? A single cargo mission will make up for that. Hurt pride? Pride is worthless.And what do you stand to gain from this? A bounty? Maybe some space junk you already have a cargo hold full of? Seriously, what's the gain? If they simply disappear you still "win". You lost nothing, and you carry on with your life.
What's the loss to the victim though? Potentially hours of gameplay for the rebuy cost? More if they can't afford a rebuy. Mission failures, loss of rep, loss of inf, fines on top of a rebuy? What incentive do they have to stick it out? Did they even agree to engage in combat in the first place?
I've also played in quite a few other games, some which were PvP focused, some where it was optional, and quite a few where both players had to enable it to be able to participate. Attacking someone who didn't have this enabled did nothing to either the attacker or the victim, and just resulted in a few wasted animations. And in cases of consentual PvP where someone does disconnect, either willingly or otherwise, it's a simple courtesy to log back in, say "oops, something happened" and resume the battle. No big deal. And when it wasn't, I've never lost anything from it except perhaps the few minutes of time spent doing something with no other benefit.
But make no mistake, I don't condone this sort of behavior, especially when PvP is consentual. But I DO understand it, especially when an attack by other player is unwanted. Who's gameplay is being interfered with more? I'm going to have to side with the victim of an unwanted engagement.
NPC's, on the other hand, I have no issue with anyone logging out on them when they're bothering you. They have everything weighted in the favor already, no feelings to hurt, never post in the forums about commanders logging out on them, and simply do not get an opinion.