Has to be a bug.
with a KW scanner, you are scanning them throughout the galaxy. If someone is wanted in the federation, and you find them in empire, And they don't have a bounty in empire, it would be illegal to attack them.
- i see you made an edit, you weren't using a KW scanner? you didn't attack them before the scan was done, right?
Yep -- you definitely have to check the factions of the system in which you are bounty hunting vs the faction you are shooting. Fortunately, the faction of your target is now included in the initial scan of the ship.
I agree with Arc and Frank above. I think it's a good change. You whack somebody in a neighborhood where they have friends and they react to it.
Going out and killing stuff in my sidewinder was how I got off the ground in this game. I'd go to a USS or a belt and wait until the local security forces did most of the work for me and join in at the last 30 seconds so I got the full reward for minimum risk. No need for an Eagle unless you really want one. These days I fight in a Cobra with 2 medium beams and a load of tanking ability. It gets the job done well.
I never seem to find the USS's and the belts tend to be empty.
A known bug: if you receive the alternative mission BEFORE you receive the tip-off, the mission will bug out and won't go anywhere. Best to abandon in that case.