First, while Warframe does have a similar tri-mode structure, it’s a fundamentally different type of game. Its core design revolves around fast-paced, instance-based PvE content with separate PvP modes, making direct comparisons with ED is tricky. The open world aspect of ED is far more central to the game’s identity, where the shared galaxy and the encounters with other players play a much more significant role than in Warframe.
So in ED when I play Solo Mode, I'm not playing a PvE game?
What about in my real-life friends' Private Group where we don't shoot each other?
Mobius Group?
There are also indirect PvP elements, in the invasion events.
Where 2 factions are fighting for control over a node on a planet and the players have to take a side. Whichever side gets the most players' help, wins.
That also changes the face of the galaxy map. Where on more than one occasion I've gone to a node equipped to face one faction (out of habit, not paying attention) and suddenly been faced with the wrong faction for that node/planet. So then I'm ill-equipped to face the enemy.
As for WoW, I wouldn’t call adding a "carrot" to encourage open-world PvP a step backward. In fact, it’s a clever way to respect player choice while still providing incentives for those willing to take on the additional risks. It acknowledges that different players want different experiences and allows the game to cater to all types while maintaining engagement. Optional doesn’t mean inconsequential.
The step backwards is the fact they disable Open World PvP altogether, in favour of an opt-in system.
And while the instanced PvP fights are still very busy when I toggled my PvP option to on - my entire game session, not a single person engaged me in Open World PvP.
If you don't want to call that going backwards, that's up to you. But it certainly isn't a healthy progression in my book.
Regarding EVE, I agree the combat can be slow at times, but it remains one of the best examples of player-driven risk versus reward in an open galaxy. The fact that PvP in EVE can have massive, long-term consequences (ships and assets lost for good) makes every decision matter, even if the mechanics aren’t to everyone’s taste. It shows how a carefully structured risk/reward system can drive an entire game’s economy and social structure.
And the entire game was built on the exact premise - which you're right, it does it very well.
But Elite Dangerous wasn't built on that premise, it was built so the entire game can be played, Solo.
And no one can call a game "a PvP game" when every single aspect of the game was made to be fully useable when playing alone, or even when playing with a select group of people. So people trying to shoe horn PvP restrictions is ridiculous in my opinion.
Finally, about the idea that only the "victims" are at risk in PvP scenarios, it’s an oversimplification. In games where risk is properly balanced, even aggressors face dangers: retaliation, reputation loss, or the mere fact that they don’t always have perfect knowledge of the situation. Part of the thrill of open play in ED is the unpredictability of encounters. If implemented thoughtfully, the system doesn’t need to create a victim-aggressor dichotomy, but instead fosters dynamic, emergent gameplay where every decision has weight.
So how is it a balanced risk then?
Because I don't see where the risk comes from for a G5 murder boat versus a 500T T9.
The G5 can mooch about in SC as long as it likes, just browsing who is coming and going. If anyone tries to pull it over, it stands a fair chance of winning the mini-game and ignoring whoever that was, if it doesn't win by some remote failure of the cosmos, then whoever did that is looking at an angry G5 - so unless its another G5 murder boat, it's dust. If it is another G5, then a fair fight starts.
Now let's it from the T9's point of view; for one they don't get to sit about in SC browsing the system. As the longer you are in SC, the more chance of being spotted. So right from the start, you are on the run. Now, someone sees you and the minigame starts. But it's not a mini-game is it, its pull willingly or be pulled over because a T9 is not going to win that game - go get a friend in a G5 and you load up a 500T T9 and have a go yourself. You are coming out of SC, like it or not. Now let's see, a T9 has exactly what chance of winning v a G5.... [checks notes].... [does the calculations].... [checks the statistics]... yup, ZERO per cent versus a properly equipped G5.
Hmm, it might be me, but I'm struggling to see the "balance" or the G5 having an equal "risk" factor in their gameplay