Nice. On that note... when are we going to get AIO compressor cooling units ("air conditioners")?
Oh, that's right... condensation.
Well, they already exist but have faded from view a bit over the last years.
OK, a potted history of modding (short for 'modification', which is like Max Power for computers instead of cars).
Modding started in the 90's, when computers became powerful enough for heat to become an issue. The first 'mod' on the internet is someone cutting a blow hole in the PC case, lining it with rubber edging and mounting an 80mm fan in it to improve case ventilation. Until then the only fan you'd find in your PC would have been a 40mm fan on the CPU heat sink, and possibly one on the GPU. No case fans yet, so we added our own. Inevitably if you cut your case, you may as well paint it.
And then people started experimenting with water cooling. The first water blocks were home brew constructions from copper and aluminium or acrylic plate, sealed with silicone paste and fitted with brass barbs, silicone or PVC tube and mains powered water pumps from plumbing or aquarium shops (you had to make sure to turn on the pump before you turned on the PC). The radiator usually was a heater core from a car: the small radiator through which the engine coolant was diverted to heat the car cabin, and coolant was distilled water with an anti-corrosion additive like you'd put in your car radiator. And if you did all
that, you might as well put a window in your case, with lighting, so you could show off your rig (and keep an eye on leaks).
There were some people who went further and used
Peltier cooling: small ceramic plates that are solid-state active heat pumps which transfer heat from one side of the plate to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, depending on the direction of the current. They'd create below-zero temperatures on one side, but very hot temperatures on the other, so when you put one on your CPU you'd
need serious water cooling to carry the heat away. Others would just run the water loop through a heat exchanger cooled by an array of Peltiers (in turn cooled by a big heat sink with large fans) instead of a radiator, dropping water temperatures to below ambient for better cooling of the CPU. That would inevitably cause condensation, so the block and tubes would be wrapped in insulation foam repurposed from home central heating pipes, and the CPU and socket would be lathered in Vaseline or dielectric grease. Of course, the Peltiers would need their own power supply, and care would need to be taken to switch it on some time before the PC to let them get down to temperature.
Yet others looked at air conditioning technology. People who had the specialist knowledge and equipment would hack an air conditioner and swap the evaporator coil (the radiator that cools the air) for a home made evaporator block that sits on the CPU. The Freon would be pumped around by a compressor and condense in the airco unit as usual, then travel to the CPU and evaporate and cool the chip. The modified airco unit would sit under or next to the PC with a big pipe going into the case. Again condensation would be an issue and the pipe and block would need insulation wrapping and the socket greased.
Eventually companies started making such equipment specifically for the computer market, which made things a lot easier for us. But my first liquid cooled PC (shown in the thread, the dual Opteron 250) still has blocks CNC'd by a home engineer on commission, a 12V pump from a electric car turbo cooling array, and Tygon tubing ordered from a laboratory supply shop and barbs from a plumbing store. Only the radiator and reservoir come from the then just emerging market of PC water cooling equipment. Making your own stuff often was still better then, although nowadays shop bought stuff is really well designed and hard to beat with home brew (with a few exceptions). We also saw a brief market of airco units (phase change coolers) specifically designed for PCs and built in cases that would integrate neatly with existing Coolermaster or Lian-Li cases (the two market leaders in quality aluminium PC cases) or would in fact
be PC cases with airco units integrated, to which you added your own motherboard etc.
The purpose of all this was so you could overclock your PC --run it far beyond its specification and squeeze out higher frame rates. In the olden days CPUs and GPUs were not as powerful so even if you paid top whack for the fastest on the market you'd soon hit a ceiling that only aggressive cooling could push beyond. Nowadays even mid-range PCs are powerful beyond compare and all that cooling hardware (and associated complication) does not justify its cost and effort anymore. With heatpipe technology and more efficient heat sink and quieter, more powerful fan design (and you have
no idea how much the humble fan has come along in the last decade, you really don't) air cooling has become really rather good and quiet. But water cooling still maintains a nice balance between extra performance for not a lot of extra cost and complication.