I don't know about that either, if you're just chest beating, then yeah. Though if you were after a bounty, you lose, because your earned nothing, same if you're wanting combat rank, or trying to stop them from influencing the bgs. All losses, especially in time spent. 90 percent of the time, attackin another player with any intent other than piracy serves no ingame purpose. Why attack a player for money, when NPC's will die faster and won't run? Trying to oppose some ones efforts to influence the bgs? Shooting them is the least cost effective solution, you merely inconvenience them without undoing their progress.
As far as the game is concerned, powerplay and piracy are the only times you get anything at all for attacking another player, and even then piracy is a joke.