I noticed some planets have these smaller brownish storms, are they dust storms?
I think it is not dust storms. If you fly close to atmosphere you can notice some surface elements.
Like this screen
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I believe they're supposed to be lava domes. The only tip-of-the-hat the game currently has to actual volcanoes.
I would be prepared to wager that all the planets on which they appear have "major volcanism" on them.
I'd posted similar ones before, wondering what they were. Those were a bit larger than the ones shown here so far I think. Here:
View attachment 153482 View attachment 153483
(click to enlarge)
The planet featured major volcanism, and it featured sulphur, so the consensus was that those yellow spots were sulphur volcanoes. Should be something similar in this case.
At first, I had also suspected those spots to be some weird kind of storm clouds.![]()
If they are lava domes, it must be one hell of a volcano judging by the size of the vent. From the looks of the ones in the picture by @GrandAdmiralThrawn, it's almost like they have central peaks in each of the centers... which would have me think they more look like impact craters.