Forget "provoked" or whatever. If a notorious CMDR or high bounty ship destroys a clean CMDR's, then it's clear cut (as far as ED universe goes) regardless of who shot first. Also, given how problematic the player bounty cap is to lift, my idea would be to subsidise the rebuy of the clean CMDR (perhaps even to 100% for a low-rebuy ship, though I'd prefer to cut it at 50%, with an absolute cap for the fools who go to Deciat in an A rated uneng cutter). It doesn't wash away the trauma(

), but it represents the game's powers-that-be taking a side and intervening in the way that they can. This should only apply in systems with problematically high CMDR murder rate.
The controlling faction and superpower foot the bill as they want CMDRs to keep doing business in their system. There's room IMO for faction and superpower reputation to influence the size of subsidy you receive too. Note this also becomes a player bounty hunting subsidy too.
There's already a rebuy subsidy (billed to the murderer's bounty iirc?) for murder in asymmetric criminal PvP, but iirc it's a pittance and presented in an easy-to-miss way.