"The old way" no longer works any more. The Honk just Discovers the stars; the rest of the system map stays blank. Note that you still get "the same amount of credits" for the Honk as previous, you just don't get to see things on the system map. So in monetary terms, this Honk is the equivalent of the old Level 1 scan. Note: you will no longer need a separate Discovery Scanner module for this; Discovery Scanners will become built-in to every ship, thus freeing up a slot on any ship you had it fitted.
To scan the system, you now have to enter the FSS and scan the fuzzy blobs that appear, so that they resolve into planets, moons, USSs etc. This scan does not involve firing probes, it's effectively using your ship's telescope to observe the bodies in question. You no longer need to fly up close to planets to do this scan; you can do it right from the arrival point (except for planets that happen to be hiding behind the star when you arrive). Note: you won't see the planets on the system map until you scan them, but this scan will give you the First Discovered By bonus if you're the first to do it in an Unexplored system. This is the equivalent of the old Level 2 scan: it will tell you rough information about the planets (size, gravity, orbital characteristics), but it won't tell you details about the surface. It will also tell you vaguely if any surface anomalies are present on the planet, but you won't get further details about the exact type and location of those until and unless you probe it (see below).
The Detailed Surface Scanner has been replaced with the probe launcher. This replacement will be automatic, on all ships with a DSS installed. You have to fly up close to a planet to fire probes at it; planets will need numerous probes, depending on how big they are. Once you fire enough probes to map the surface, the planet will be considered Mapped. This will give you:
- the equivalent of Level 3 scan data (surface mats, etc).
- The precise locations of any anomalies detected by the long-range scan above;
- If you're the first person to do this (and then sell the data), you will get a new "First mapped by" Tag on that planet.
This, at least, is my understanding of things, from what has been reported in the streams and forums. I haven't played the Beta personally.