Part of the problem with having either an in-game or out-of-game lore explanation database for the various planet names is explaining the origins of the kIckstarter planet names.
Take the example I've often quoted when this topic comes up for discussion: the Bast system. Bast has only one planet, the Earth-like world named "THFC-Est1882". Now, that perhaps sounds like an obscure catalogue number - unless you happen to be aware of the fact that the Tottenham Hotspurs Football Club was established in 1882.
Now, we can probably come up with some kind of non-immersion-breaking lore-based explanation for the name "THFC-Est1882" - my own head-canon explanation is that the planet was first colonized by survivors of the crashed freighter "Est1882", which was owned by the Tau Horologii Freight Consortium. However, if FD adopt some such an explanation for the name, that might upset whoever it was that paid FD at least £750 for the right to name a planet; they presumably paid that money specifically to add a tribute to their favourite sports team into the game. I'm told the same person also applied to have the only space station in Bast named "White Hart Lane"; this was apparently edited back to "Hart Station" by FD shortly after the game launched.
That being said, as Xious reports, INARA does have a little "Galpedia" entry which explains the origins of some of the names of space stations which FD have named after famous people or places. In the Ida Dhor system, for example, there is a space station called "Vancouver Gateway";
The INARA page for this station gives a little Galpedia blurb about who George Vancouver was, and lists the various cities and places on Earth which are also named after him. However, the INARA pages for
Hart Station in the Bast system, and for
Big Harry's Monkey Hangout in Jotunheim, are unsurprisingly blank.