What are the different types of mining in ED?
Hello, Hawknerd, and welcome to the Galaxy.

I can describe two of three types of mining I am familiar with - I made my Elite Trader with one, and do the other for pleasure (and cash).
The types I am familiar with are Laser Mining and Deep Core Mining. Neither is better than the other either in enjoyment or payout; it comes down to what you prefer.
LASER MINING is surface mining. You will need both prospector and collector limpet controllers, two of the largest mining lasers you can fit into your ship and a refinery. You'll also need a Detailed surface Scanner to find the hotspots.
In laser mining, you search for a mining location that has a greater than average quantity of a given mineral - a Hotspot. Ideally, you want to find Hotspots that
overlap; giving you a much higher yield compared to a single hotspot.
When laser mining, you probe (launch prospector limpets) at nearby rocks in a planet's ring, and watch as each limpet lands on a 'roid and analyzes its composition. If the rock has minerals you want in good enough quantity, you close to within 500m, laser the rock and launch your Collector limpets to gather the minerals that are broken off. It's pretty easy, and quite enjoyable.
DEEP CORE MINING is a
very different animal. In deep-core you will need a Detailed Surface Scanner (same reason as above), the same limpet controllers, a Pulse Wave Analyzer, a Refinery (again) and in your Hardpoints you will require an Abrasion Blaster and a Seismic Charge Launcher. Where laser mining is closer to strip-mining, in deep core you are hunting for
specific rocks that have both the right shape and a VERY strong return signal. Once dropping into a Hotspot, you use the PWA to look for rocks of a particular shape which give a bright yellow or red return, indicating a strong mineral core. When you find one that looks promising, you probe it with a Prospector, analyse the results and if the asteroid has a core you can mine, you prepare to crack it.
Cracking a 'roid is
incredibly fun - you need to target fissures in the rock and mine them with seismic charges tailored in strength to the fissure - too large a charge in a weak fissure will do damage, which you DON'T want. You need to CAREFULLY plant your charges until your max-yield scanners all report blue - the ideal strength. The challenge comes in the fact that you have only TWO minutes from when the first charge is fired to land a good set.
When you succeed, it looks like this:
It
sounds harder than laser mining, but I got my Elite blowing up VO rocks, and hadn't even
realized I got Elite until I sold my latest cargo out of my old T-6.
It's up to you - laser or deep core mining? There is also subsurface mining, but I have not done that much; so I will leave THAT to someone who knows it better.
Cheers! And happy blasting.
