Here's my attempt at a lore friendly explanation.
UTC is a reasonable time to use as a standard time for humans, even off-world, until we get to the point where the off-worlders are no longer dependent on Mission Control, and Earth, for everything.
At that time I would expect a new Galactic Time to be introduced. My bet is it would begin as UTC on some date, but after that, there would be no corrections for drift in the Earth's rotation, which is now handled by leap-seconds. Why would someone living on another world care about earth's axis anomalies? This is why the time does not match the Earth's solar time any more.
So Galactic Standard Time becomes independent of any planet including Earth. It also wouldn't have a day of week or month associated with it either, since months and seasons are planet specific. It would only be time in seconds since it was initiated. Though I do think it would still use a 24 hour "day" since that is built into our biology.
Erm, yes.
A nice theory but it still doesn't explain why it's lunchtime on real-world Earth when it's dawn on ED Earth.
That's not a "time zone" thing.
It's a "light from the sun shining on a planet's surface" thing.
And you can't blame it on "the future" either.
A thousand years of leap-seconds equates to..... 1000 seconds, which is less than 20 minutes.
We'd need to be at least 21,000 years into the future before leap-seconds could account for the discrepancy.
Or, possibly, 65,000 years.
I'm never sure which way it works.
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