Planet composition definitely influences the type of materials you get in each nodes, but I don't know if it influences the distribution of the different types of nodes.
Last time I went to a 100% metal planet, there seemed to be a lot of metallic meteorite fragments, but there were also bronzite stuff, outcrops and mesosiderites. Outcrops almost only yielded iron, and I think all other materials I got were metals (I didn't memorize the perdiodic table though, but there was some arsenic, ruthenium, germanium, chromium, and lots or iron and nickel).