I'm very excited to see where the devs will take this game in say, 2-3 years time. The features being discussed here would definitely require a lot of man-hours to implement properly, but I'm absolutely SURE that the devs have reviewed ideas much like these and had their own conclusions about them.
As for the suggestions you come up with. I see a lot of skepticism in this debate regarding the "essence" of Elite. You cannot have X because that is not what Elite is about. Personally I feel this is a very limiting argument that would ultimately end up with a game that after a few years would simply die out for 90% of the player base that are now enjoying the game. Sure there would be a few hardcore Elite fans out there that loves it, but to the majority I think the game would become somewhat tiresome if nothing new is implemented that gives players a feeling of importance and belonging. I'll be the first to say that I'm LOVING this game. It's absolutely amazing, and I'm super stoked to log on every day. But will I feel the same when I got more cash than I can spend, I have the best equipment on my ship? I don't know, but I'm honestly afraid to find out.
A lot of the suggestions OP has come with here might need to be refined, but the core of the ideas is to add more player interaction, and a more player-driven world. I got a few friends that play this game, and we play together (as far as the game allows us to). We ALWAYS talk about how amazing it would be if we could spend a lot of time and money to buy our own little "hub", where we could have a few landing pads, a place to stock some resources, have a shop where we can buy the basic stuff like ammunition and repairs. Over time our little gang of mischief could drastically impact the politics in our little part of the solar system. A very local change, but a change that makes us feel like we have achieved something. As time goes on, out little hub has grown to support multiple landing pads. We can hire security to scan people who want to visit, or perhaps we'd like to do that ourselves? What about travelling to distant solar systems to set up trade routes to our little station? Pirates in our part of the system take notice of our ever growing intrusion, and we get attacked! Good think we just spent a lot of money upgrading the station's armament, or hired more expensive security around the station! A few years go by, and now we have a pretty big station that even has a shipyard for people to buy new ships! I mean, these are just some quick ideas on player created bases. It's a way of creating interaction, role-playing, enjoyment and ultimately FUN. Perhaps this is not what YOU want to spend your time doing, but that is what Elite is all about! I don't want to spend my time mining minerals, but I don't want to stop others from enjoying that part of the game. I don't really find much interest in running trade routes either, but I love that others do so. You see what I'm getting at here? As long as people feel like they can spend their time doing what THEY want to do in the game, how can that be a bad thing? My ideas above would not scale up to us creating a faction, just a place we call home. I like to keep it local, I'm not a person who sets out to distant stars in search of new adventures. I like to keep to my little cluster of close stars and spend my time there. Having a base where me and my friends can gather up and enjoy ourselves would be great.
This game has literally endless of design opportunities, and I hope to see a constant progression in the future to create even more immersion in the universe! I am stoked to see what this game holds in store, and I will be very, very patient also ;-)