Also, Frontier tracker has some people with exactly the same problem.
issues.frontierstore.net
If you happen to have this when you use VR, this might be a temporary solution:
"I have some extra info for this issue now as I can reproduce it with 100% consistency. For me is this error occurs when the Oculus application is running. If the Oculus application is running, Elite's launcher throws this error no matter where it is started from. If it's not running, it does not throw the error. I can still start the game even when the error appears from Oculus in VR as the auto-launch essentially skips this error. If I launch the game from Steam and the Oculus application is running, the Unhandled Exception dialog box will appear and cause me to be unable to start the game. "