The amount of experience gained is set in terms of the profit made from scanning, be it direct surface scans or honks as you say.
In other words, they pay you for the furthest planet on a honk, or if you go there and use a DSS to scan it as well, they pay you much more for that particular planet, on top of the amount you get from using the honk ADS initially.
My method is to honk my way around, and if there are bodies within 100Ls or so that will scan whilst I am scooping, I will do that as it is bonus money essentially - You can even scan a body/planet etc. through the surface of the sun, which is kind of handy, but I imagine a bug/mistake thing with the coding? Maybe not?!
Then, once I go to sell this carto data at the next Universal Cartographics place, they pay me for each of the plants or systems scanned using the DSS, and those with the honk, then the Pilot's Federation calculates the amount of experience you gain from this amount of profit, and increases your rank accordingly. For example, coming back from Maia the other day to an engineer was 15 jumps, using the honk and DSS-nearby method I wrote above, I made 1.3m profit from the date, and it put 4% on to my Ranger rank [the image below is out of date].
Does this help mate?
I also have read things about passenger missions increasing rank, but I have yet to do any myself. I wonder if they work in the same way that delivery missions do for trade rank - ie: the profit gained from the mission is directly assumed to relate t your Exploration rank with the pilot's federation, and they increase the rank accordingly - a 2.5m passenger mission would put my Ranger rank up by about 7-8% working on the principles above.
However I am yet to do passenger missions as explained, but I guess the profit it in addition to any actual honk/DSS data that you gain from honking on the way to the destination if it is available?
Cheers,
The Hat
PS: Ooh nice information Ian, I didn't know that either, thank you