Challenge:
1.) Show me in there where to answer his question.
2.) When you first started how long did it take you to find that in panel 4 tab 1?
Well, for 1), I've re-read the OP... based on the responses by other players and the OP, I assumed the OP wanted to know how to find Interstellar Factors. There's map filters which show you where IF are... and if the OP didn't know, you'll see there's a whole section on Maps... under there is this info:
But I've noticed now the question was
where were the fines earned... which is a bit ephemeral. Like Sapyx said... faction's give you fines, not star systems, so the question doesn't make sense. Slightly OT, but I would argue that if you aren't paying attention to where you're committing offences, you're kinda doing crime wrong... but that's a whole other bag.
Were I a gambling man, AY Indi Limited is probably located in AY Indi, and Ehecatl Free in Ehecatl (and sure enough, they are).
Pilots Federation Local Branch is literally everywhere, and I did have to look up Pilots Federation Administration, unsurprisingly, as they're only in the starter systems which I can't go to.
As for your second challenge... I don't know how I can answer that, as I've been playing since well-before the Pilots Handbook came in to the game. But if we go off when i noticed it first time in the game... virtually instantly I guess? It's linked off of lots of in-game buttons/menus now and is pretty hard to miss, especially if you're new to the game and trying to become familiar with buttonology and menus.