I hit this once. I loaded up 3 aluminium for a board order and couldn't jump back. It's your mass.
It won't let you use more than .6 tons of fuel per jump. Even if you have more than enough fuel, it will only use so much per jump and that starting ship won't get you back if you overload it. Sometimes you can do this with multiple jumps, choosing shorter distances per jump, other times you're just hosed. Check the map carefully and see if there is a path back in smaller increments. It's a pain but can work.