Limpets are only subject to a (extremely artificial) speed/acceleration limit from the moment they begin heading for objects to pick them up. So if you're barrelling along at however many hundreds of meters per second, and one of your limpets heads off to pick something up, it will require some time to slow down and change course... or drift out of the range where it remains active, if you don't keep up with it. Because they also aren't magical devices which go from 500 to 0 in a split second, and their construction is probably not sturdy enough to survive that kind of maneuver anyway.
What this does allow for is what I call high-speed pickups. Launch a targeted collector limpet at a thing (or follow the untargeted one to your desired item, or whichever one it's going for), then stay relatively close with it. If done right, pickup time is minimal and you'll have the limpet holding stationary underneath your cargo hatch again (if it was not targeted and so did not disable).