There's risk. A few of them:
1) Bounties: I have a bounty on my head 'cos piracy. To be fair, I could clean this with some money, but I chose not to 'cos I like risk. I've had plenty of people gunning for me. None have managed it so far, but plenty try.
2) Friends: A trader can run with friends. If you tell me you're gonna drop some cargo, while you're Asp/Python friend hops in on the wake, it can get awful messy for the pirate awful quick. Can't jump out 'cos mass lock, and booms from unexpected places are bad.
3) Fighting: Traders can fight back, though Type-Xs struggle.
4) No takings: Interdicting costs money, ammo costs money, time costs money. Shielded Type-6s are fairly low down on my hit list because of these costs and the fact that good pilots are fairly unpiratable.
Would I like to see more risk for pirates? Yes, actually. It'd have to be balanced out by more profits in the black markets though. If you think about risk:reward, while piracy may be lowish risk, it's also low reward. My personal pet idea is to significantly reduce insurance cover (coming from a Diablo 2/3 hardcore player, mind). Something like 80%, with maybe some cargo insurance would work. If I pay 4x on my rebuy, the risk goes up quite a bit. I'd also like the bounty system reworked so that it's not possible to simply pay it off.