This just happened to me too... was in a res site, saw a juicy target, and was *just* a little too quick on the trigger. Hit him just before the "wanted" showed up, and suddenly I had a 350 credit bounty on my head. Now the guy still exploded, and I was still rewarded with 50k bounty when he did.
So I did as I always did: Got out of dodge before the swarm of local authority vipers smelled that 350Cr, and headed for the neutral system next door. No bounty? No bounty to pay? What?
I assume I'm doing something wrong, so... I go back to the first system, and make for the station. Gonna pay this bounty if it kills me!
I'm in a cobra so I scream in through the letter box. Scan detected! Oh crap oh crap oh crap, made the fastest landing of my life, and "enter hangar" immediately. Phew!
Go to pay the bounty: No option to despite the glowing "wanted" warning.
I resort to google, and find that It will be... a few days before I can pay it? But this is my main system, that I do all my work in!
Very well. I buy a sidewinder, and fly outside. Turn off my shields. Throttle down to 0. And let the viper swarm kill me.
That was my first time dying in game. I was amused to see that the "free sidewinder" option also teleports me to LHS 3447. But no option to just go back to my cobra. Fine, pay the insurance for my suicidewinder, then sell it again.
So total real fine was like, 5k or so. Not to mention that I have a sneaking suspicion that that's not really "Me" anymore, but my memory-dumped clone. Philosphers might argue that it really is "me", is indistinguishable from "me", but I don't buy it...