I'm not sure submitting to an interdiction and 'fleeing' is an exploit.
As I've written in previous posts, the point of an interdiction is presumably to 'entertain' a player, give them some content to react to. This could be fighting the interdiction (although for some players the mini game seems very bugged), or submitting and fighting the aggressor. If neither of these are desirable to a player, for reasons of skill / balance / whatever, there is a problem. Forcing un-desired content onto players with no way of avoiding it will potentially drive players from the game, not something FD want to happen I imagine.
But yes, balancing in favor of the player (which I imagine would not be universally popular, there seem to be some players who are desperate to get their butts handed to them by NPCs

) would be a good solution. Again though, the non persistence of the NPCs gets in the way. It's not an NPC after you really, it's just the game saying that because condition x exists (you have a mission, are carrying specific cargo for example), you will have obstacles put in your way. That's great if players want to and feel able to overcome those obstacles, but if they don't want to, or feel they cannot, it becomes a problem.
I honestly don't think that FD designed all of this with the thought that players would submit and try to avoid the content.