I understand that. Hence why I said the star has to be of a higher frequency in order to allow the red reflection of light off of leaves and or organic materials possible.
The easiest way to understand it is this. All light can be reflected refracted absorbed or emitted. Only light that is being emitted is moving at the speed of light. Everything else has interacted with atoms/particles of some kind, so now they move slower.
Red light moves slower after it has been reflected or refracted. The only true source of red light traveling at the speed of light has to be emitted from its source as red light. Otherwise it is slower moving. Since almost all sources of natural light in the entirety of our Universe comes from the fusion of materials in a star, then almost all stars output at least some white light. White light is comprised of every wavelength of the color spectrum. It contains light both above infrared and below ultraviolet. This is basic color theory and spectrum analysis we had this in physics class in middle school.
I know exactly what I had said I understand exactly how it works. You just provided me a paper to a link explaining how light interacts with atoms in an object. In order for light to interact with an atom the atom will either absorb all the light or reflect/refract some of the light. Which slows it down and changes the color that our eyes perceive.
Color is not real its the result of how eyes intemperate light waves bouncing off of surfaces. It is the perception of the human mind and a construct we adapted to make us better hunters. I highly doubt anything not of this planet will see anything in the same color or way that human eyes do. They for example may have evolved around a F class star or an A class star. So their eyes are tuned to a different spectrum of visible light. That is assuming that they even have eyes in the traditional sense.
We know the guardians do because the obelisks specifically say the color red. So they have similar eye structure to ours. Which means the will need to be located around an F or A class star at best.
Commander, I am sorry to be rude but you need to re-read your physics textbooks. Red light reflected from vegetation will be because all the other frequencies of the light incident will have been absorbed by that vegetation leaving only the red frequencies. That red light will be travelling at the same speed it had before the reflection-at the speed of light (all frequencies) for that atmospheric mix of gases, which will be slightly less than C but it will be the same for all frequencies of light. Light travels fastest (the physical constant C) in a vacuum, & is slowed down when it enters a denser transparent/translucent medium. Light does not slow down just because it has been reflected!.
However you may be right in your idea that red skinned vs green skinned may give us a clue about the Guardian homeworld. Personally I think their "air" is likely to be ammonia-based (since we know that Thargoids prefer this, & I suspect the Thargoids are either the green-skinned subspecies or their warrior creations), but I don't think that helps us at all in locating their homeworld. Unless we search around all ammonia worlds within say 60 ly of the ruins.
Actually that's not a bad idea as a first search criterion; who is good at EDSM searches? Though that would be restricted to systems that someone has already found & reported to EDSM. HOWEVER that is assuming this ruin site was created by the passengers on one of the 3 Guardian arc ships. This may be, in afterthought, unlikely since we could expect perhaps larger ruins or many more ruins to have been created on this planet since there would have been a very large number of passengers on an arc ship. Therefore this is an outpost, created after the Advent of Guardian FTL travel & we have no way of knowing how far it is from their homeworld. ( n.b. This is assuming FD have been sensible in their logic!)