As a veteran Elite Player, base building is definitely *not* a road I want them to go down. I have no problem with a more scientific approach to exploration, where you can use science modules & the collection of geological samples as a means of learning more about a planet. I am also an advocate for all USS's & PoI's being persistent for a commander, from the time you discover them, as long as they're in that same instance (i.e. don't quit the game then restart

).
The way I envisage the exploration process is that, as now, you do a primary scan (honk). Depending on scanner quality, this will reveal decreasing levels of detail about all objects, out to the maximum range of the scanner.
Getting greater detail either involves a secondary scan of the object at a closer range or taking the primary data & feeding it into a science module. Tertiary Scans (close range "honk") of a landfall planet would behave like a DSS scan, whilst also giving information on the number of PoI's on the surface of the planet. The better the scan, the greater the detail revealed. Tertiary scans of USS's could also reveal more details about what is inside it (approximate number of ships, approximate quantity of commodities and/or materials-that kind of thing).
For me, the most "permanent" presence I want on a planet is one or more MB4 mining platforms

.