I used to play on a big screen, and had absolutely no idea of the relative sizes of things, or indeed how the cockpits really looked. This isn't a problem of the game, though, it is a problem of the mind - we have two eyes for a reason. It isn't that E: D's fullest and best experience requires VR, it is that the brain requires it to appreciate dimensions and perspective. While I would argue that ED is best in VR, that is due to VR being what it is, rather than E: D being the problem.
But it is a problem with ED, specifically the design of the world.
It's possible, within a 2D space, to create visual cues which better reflect the scale and distance of objects. One only needs to use the vanity cam to see this at work: charge up your cam and use one of the views from behind the pilot's chair, looking forward. The FoV changes to such a degree as to better represent the scale of things--especially station interiors. Another issue is the scale of some details, like the structural braces inside hangars which look like objects we expect to be far smaller, or the fans which have a similar scale-reducing effect.
Any or all of this could have been mitigated with attention paid to this very aspect of the user experience. There simply aren't any cues for our eyes to judge scale properly unless the FoV is changed.