In any society, even dystopian, there is a form a natural justice ie. you do wrong to me, expect something equally unpleasant in return.
Accepting that the rules and morals are skewed within the game, the same basic natural justice is still likely to prevail. Be it a frontier society, or a troop of apes, the wrongdoings of an individual are often resolved by the affected individual, or by the group. Our Commanders, as our alter egos, are individuals within the framework that the game mechanics dictate. Take C&P - attack and kill a clean ship in populated space, and the game enforces that you are now Wanted. Do that in the void, or in lawless areas, then there's no such penalty. Gaming the system is as easy as swapping ships to avoid the wanted status. Where that other ship is being flown by a player, the game mechanics make no distinction, and the same penalties or otherwise are given regardless and by design. However, the Commander, and by extension the player behind them, has been wronged. A crime against the Commander has been committed, and it is only natural that the Commander/Player would want to seek recourse or retribution.
The way the current mechanics allow, the identity of the attacker is not shown after the fact without delving into the journal files. ...