F=ma, i.e. Force = mass * acceleration.
Rearrange. a=F/m, i.e. acceleration = Force / mass
Mass is (roughly) what we think of as weight. Given a certain level of force (i.e. engines at max), your mass therefore determines your acceleration. Heavier = slow, light = fast.
Of course, a more massive ship will have a larger engine which will have a greater force at maximum output.
Geraldine's point was that fuel is also part of your mass. As you fire your engines, you're basically taking that fuel, heating it up and throwing it out the back of your ship. You move forward, your ship gets lighter. Which makes the next chunk of fuel you throw out push you faster, which makes you harder to hit that some lumbering fully-fueled ship. Of course, it also means you're nearer to running out of fuel, and hence the ability to dodge

.
AFAIK, FFE didn't model this, as the fullness of your fuel tanks didn't factor into the total mass of your ship. The fuel you carried for hyperdrive did, but even then I don't think that factored into the engine's power. Might be wrong there though.