Frank is right, they are all different and varied in their approaches to cooperative play or just hanging out. I was in a big one that exploded due to too much behind the scenes politics, but it was really varied, a kind of "do what you want to do, for as much time as you want to spend in-game" fellowship. I've been in stricter ones, some with a lot of effort concentrated on BGS (the in-game factions, territory etc) and some which just seem like chat groups. I rarely use a mic and none of the squadrons I was in mandated it.
My current one is largely run and populated by people I know and trust from a previous squadron, now oriented more along the lines of how we like to play, which is largely loose and relaxed but coming together to deal with BGS elements.
Some are strict on what Squadron bookmarks you can add to the Galaxy Map! It can get cluttered.
Some are organised around the Powerplay powers, though you can get involved in that just on Discord. Most squadrons worth their salt use Discord anyway for text updates out of game, and on-topic and off-topic chat, some even have web sites!!
At least if one doesn't suit, you can leave and join another. Eventually even a curmudgeon like me finds people I can get on with - and when I'm unsociable I can always ignore them