A lot of ED progression could be an order of magnitude more engaging, though.
Lot of ED activities could be more engaging and yes, I agree, there's potential there which FD slowly uncovers. Maybe not as fast we want, but it feels ok for mere casual.
For example, I would find it really cool to unlock better drives for my Courier by getting better at flying my Courier. Like by having to complete some kind of space or surface mission delivery thing in a given time, coping with increasingly difficult obstacles in the process. I don't mean supercruise, I mean piloting. Anyone remember a good racing game whereby successful time trialling unlocked better stuff you could then use in the Grand Prix? This is all very straightforward and popular because it works. By unlocking better drives you'd then make it possible to get a better time, potentially unlocking even better drives. This is a typical practice/reward tree.
Unfortunately far too often in ED the unlock is available - often, only available, subject to the incoming Materials Trader - by simply performing a single repetitive task over and over and over again, without using higher brain functions, nor fine motor control. Just clicking, basically, then waiting out a time gate, then clicking again. (It's usually slightly masked, but that's all it truly amounts to.)
I used the example above of racing but I've seen that many explorers would really like mechanics that reward them for actually getting better at exploring. I'm sure there are many other examples.
I haven't seen such mechanics in many games which doesn't turn down into same grind people despite much. Also ED is experience game, not progression and achievement game. Figurately speaking repeated gameplay is an essence of ED. Only way it can be improved is improving that gameplay loop that repeats. But it still boils down to grind if you push it too hard.
ED has no experience model nor XP values to back any such rewards nor it is desgined to be that way. ED has no strategic inklings many people crave these days - mostly it because allows them to cut down some time strategically and get to stuff they want quicker.