There's a not so fine line between pointing you in the right direction, and just flat out playing your game for you: "Go here, press this, profit..." - and there are vastly differing opinions on its location and how fine it really is.
Your ship has 95% of everything you need to get to where you want to go. CODEX and Gal/Sys Maps - admittedly, no one's actual first stops on the information gathering route, though they should be - are full of super useful information and these forums are also full of Guides & How To's. #searchtheforum - Then there are discord servers, reddits, sub reddits, steam community pages, wikis and so forths... the list is not quite endless, but not far off.
Repeating everything you need/desire, here, in a thread on a different topic...
in short though:
for high end mats, you need pristine reserves
if you're looking for metals, you probably want metal rich or metallic
if you want to pinpoint locations, you've got a couple optional modules for scanning systems and mapping planets.