Some interesting speculation CMDR Brakespear.
I sort of have the impression that the society of Elite is in a state of semi-technological stasis. They will continue to build things which have proven to work well - like our ship designs, like the various stations - but there is not the sort of mad dash to develop new technologies that we have in the real world.
There is some innovation, FSD is new, but in general it seems like the society is technologically rigid, probably reflecting an underlying rigidity in the political systems.
Anyway, all interesting things to ponder on those long exploration trips outside the bubble.
It's almost a bit game-of-thrones-y: The sciences are kept alive and things are constantly reworked and improved, but it never seems to lead to any great changes (except for the fast FSD).
Hydrogen fusion has been the main source of power for almost a millenium. Many ship types are just improved versions of ships that are several centuries old. Even expansion of civilization itself seems to have halted, the frontier has not moved much since FE2 (which was 100 years ago, contrast the USA Between 1800 and 1900).
My guess is that two of the most important causes of this are these; Firstly, there's a lot of science taboo. Artificial intelligence research, biological research (?), and research that can lead to production of Mass destruction weapons (?) is being hindered because of really nasty past experiences. This extends beyond all the conflicts and research into these fields are almost universally shunned.
Secondly, it seems that there never was an IT revolution at the same scale in the Elite timeline. Even in 3300, it hardly even seems like their computer tech is more advanced than ours. Might have something to do with the nasty AI experiences they've had.