Has been suggested a few times over the years, particularly when data caches were introduced.
You would need a cargo rack to store the black box when u retrieve it. That being the case, you would need a cargo rack always? Or is it in a hidden compartment?
Maybe it's a hidden compartment but only fits one, so collecting one needs a cargo rack (since 'new' ship would already have one filling the hidden spot).
If it's not retrievable by other parties, then it becomes a way of reducing exploration risk almost entirely, which would be bad. If it can be collected by other parties, then you have a good chance of being pirated. In fact, explorers become a juicy target (will be inconsistent to only be able to pirate the black box after it has been retrieved.....surely it would be dropped on destruction in the first place?)