Not to toot my own horn (and I prefer not to advertise here) but feel free to check out any of my guides. They aren't specifically aimed at "getting started" but the things you can learn are all mostly achievable in relatively basic (Grade 1) gear, though not all as easily. And that really is the first, most important thing you can do... get out of the basic flight suit and get yourself a weapon. Maverick is a great start as it opens up a lot of mission types to you (it lets you use the arc cutter, which you need to break through panels). With that and a decent main weapon (anything but the RPG or Oppressor, really - they're decent in the right hands but not good for beginners). Best sidearm by a huge margin is the Tormentor, though. The thing is deadly all on its own, fully upgraded.
The easiest on foot missions are the transport ones, I think. No weapons required, just get a maverick suit (better than the flight suit for oxygen reserves and looting capacity). Basic premise is take something to an NPC. Visit the settlement, use any terminal (looks like a flat screen console) and search for them using the "staff" tab. Another variant is go to a settlement and locate an item but they do have a couple potential hoops to jump through (i.e. finding where the object is, getting to it and potentially opening a locked case, which is still somewhat easy when you use the terminals as they should show you the code you need and you don't often need to access anywhere restricted). It's pretty hard to fail these missions and they're pretty chill to complete. But they pay very badly. Then again, so do almost all on foot missions (still something that annoys me about Odyssey).
The next easiest missions, to a degree, are the salvage types. Most of the time you're just going to a location to grab something from a crash site but the problem with these missions is they can trigger scavengers in drop-ships and... honestly... for a totally new player, given the pitiful rewards for these missions, the difficulty of these scavenger spawns can be extreme. Almost not worth bothering with until you can at least hold your own in combat. But, if you avoid that, then they're mostly straight-forward and give you quite a lot of good loot in some cases (particularly the illegal ones, which aren't illegal at all and you won't get in any trouble doing them except for scavengers attacking).
The "illegal" variants of non-combat missions (so, basically, heists, sabotage etc) are quite challenging but do not require any combat, if done right. They pay the best of basic mission types as well (still awful rewards but material rewards can be good and you'll need to do these types of missions to unlock engineers anyway, so you should do them). I cover a lot of this stuff in my videos. They're my favourite mission types. They're just quite easy to fail in some cases, particularly without any help/guidance.
What used to be a great introduction to on foot game play was the restore settlement variants (listed under the support tab) but these aren't very common these days, which is a shame. If you can see them, they're a great way to get into the mechanics of the game with lower risk (but not zero risk) of scavengers. Quick tip about scavengers though... they'll never enter a building. So you can use buildings to hide (and even better, if you've got an ammo box in there and the power is on, you can stay inside indefinitely as you slowly kill them at whatever door they're camped at). There are lots of guides for this mission type (I've not specifically created one, but you can use some of my guides to learn how to use stealth to make this stuff easier - somewhat anyway, NPCs now have extremely good eyesight for NPCs and will see you quite a lot easier than they used to).
Combat missions just aren't easy for new commanders. Not any of them. If you've got FPS experience then you may be able to adapt well enough to still complete them but you will absolutely need at least a G1 suit (maverick or dominator) and a G1 main weapon (i.e. not just the starter pistol). Sadly, no one really ever thought to make the combat have any sort of "entry level" and the experience you had of combat in the tutorial is never replicated anywhere else in the game (really annoys me that one too). There's lots of advice I could give you for combat, but it would take more than the total of this, already very long, post. Don't avoid it entirely, certainly not if you like FPS games and can get a decent suit and a couple nice guns going. It's fun enough (very fun if you really get into it) and Combat Zones (CZs) are easily the fastest way to make credits in the game on foot if you don't do exobiology (which I won't go into as I am not an expert on that at all - it's a good way of making credits and can be passably fun, in my experience, but I'd suggest you search for a guide on it if you're interested). But CZs are the best paid by a huge margin, otherwise (if you can do the high intensity variants, you can clear 10-20m for one CZ). Basically, each combat scenario requires different skills and tools. Avoid the illegal ones unless you want a bounty on your head. Maybe even just start with low intensity CZs in a G1-3 set. You can use
this thread to maybe find some partly upgraded items, too (but you'll need a fair amount of credits for that).
Honestly, this is a big topic on its own. It's something I may cover one day. Until then, you've got a couple links here I'd recommend from great content creators:
Down to Earth Astronomy's getting started guide
Burr Pit's combat guide for beginners
There are more, I just wouldn't recommend them all (and I'd recommend avoiding some as they're absolutely just "flavour of the month" get rich quick content grabs that are long outdated). That said, my stealth combat guide is actually slightly outdated now as scavengers behave differently to how they did back then. I may revisit this and make an up to date guide, just warning you ahead of time in case you did decide to check my videos out.
Finally... Ask here! This place is a great resource for help and guidance; so if you're not sure about something in particular, or want more information about something specific that you encountered, this is a good place to ask for help politely. Good luck on your journey, commander

o7