Other games have long solved this problem. Materials are used to upgrade. Most games allow you to unlock upgrades as you progress in experience.
Whether you're a bounty hunter, miner, pirate or explorer you should unlock upgrades as you progress. And the most efficient way to progress should be playing your role like bounty hunting.
If you bounty hunt, all the materials you need should come from bounty hunting.
If you're mining, all the materials you need should come through mining.
If you're pirating, all the materials you need should come through pirating.
Same with exploring.
There should be no shooting rocks or scanning wakes because those are not activities central to any role.
Last time I was out in a distribution centre scanning wakes I wondered to myself what the pilots of those relief Type-9's were saying to each other over comms.
"Oh look there's that FdL whizzing around again, from one side of the convoy to the other for no apparent reason...."
"Yeah, it's the local crazy billionaire, she chases imaginary gold-plated Cutters to pass the time. We don't talk to her. She's a complete fruitloop."