While I also agree that it definitely sucks to lose your data, I don't think or feel that FD needs to do or change anything, and it's definitely not an error in game design. It would be nice to see, but i wouldn't be upset if they chose not to implement it.
I'm currently 48k or so out from Sol on my way back from Beagle Point. It's taking me a long time because ESO has my current attention, but that's besides the point. As an explorer so far out from home, you need to be CAREFUL and CAUTIOUS. I can totally understand making a sudden error at the wrong time, panicking, and losing your ship. It happens to the best of us, especially the longer out we stay. However, with just under 9k systems visited and 173 million made in exploration, I never EVER understood how some Commanders allow their ships to get so beat up and damaged while exploring.
I've anyways erred on the side of caution while exploring because it makes sense to me. I'm REALLY far away from home right now, so I need to be careful, as do all explorers.
So if FD just allowed explorers to just get their data back, I would argue THAT would break exploration! It would completely remove the immersion and feeling of being so far away from home! Also, it wouldn't only permit but it would encourage pilots and commanders to be dumb while exploraing, whereas our current system punishes those commanders for not respecting the mighty galaxy and it's many intricacies.
My point, is that when you're so far out from home, you need to be careful. Throttle down before jumping to a Neutron Star, or any star for that matter. Check the system map and look at the gravity of the planet you wanna land on. Personally if it's over 1.5g I don't even try. At the end of the day if you explode out in the black, it's no one's fault but your own.