Have you checked the "bounties issued in system" in the Station Services? It's in the thousands and hundreds of thousands per day, even in low population systems - and I have no proof, but I'd suspect it also counts the NPC bounties that in turn are "farmeable" by "bounty hunters".
Your 180 aquired bounties is not even a drop in the ocean and in the current system not a reason for the cops to go all crazy.
Maybe the scale of this entire thing is too large to grasp. They might require to make things a bit more transparent. (and maybe that would depress even more players than being too rich, since then they officially get told that while they're king of Icy Body No 273842123454353 and have the right to *buy* a cutter, that's just tincups the empire hands out, because they can and have 273842123454354 more icy bodies in their domain to hand out kingdomships

)
Only the ruling minor faction deploys security vessels, so by killing them, only your status with the ruling faction decreases. The rest might even like you better because of that and will gain influence. Engough to flip the system, if you keep killing enough of the ruling faction's ships.
Probably even rebalance it somewhat, without pushing the scale to the other side too much and make it unplayable.