Laying friendly fire on an unintended target is really just an inconvenience. I do wish the NPCs were more tolerant of a stray shot because there are times they like to fly right into your line of fire and if it's their fault I'd rather the game allowed room for that to be taken into account.
My idea would be that the game checks your status with whatever faction the NPC belongs to and lends you tolerance based on that, if you're friendly or better with the system authority in that system it doesn't follow that one stray hit instantly marks you as a criminal to be killed on sight.
Anyway those fools ram me all the time and I have been accidentally shot by system authority before when they invited themselves to my firefight.
I more-or-less agree with that. Like in reality, if two cars happen to crash with each other, they have the choice (which they usually not follow) to end things friendly. The one gets out of the car, hugs the other, says "i'm sorry pal, it was my fault, it won't happen again, blah blah...". Why not have the ability to do that in the game, especially with friendly ships. Right now they are too sensitive. You may hit them once and not hit them again but still, since they have turned red, they come against you and you are wanted.
It's not a matter of becoming the best pilot out there or a matter of combat skills. What happens here is the equivalent of one car scratching each other by accident and this fact is allowing the 2nd driver and the police any anyone else around to take out their guns and shoot the 1st driver in the head.
I like the idea CMDR Argent Steel proposed, of friendly ships being more tolerant with accidental fire but i also wish even if they turn red, the "report crimes against me" for all pilots (NPCs included) would not have an immediate effect. It could turn the ship into an intermediate colour (not red) in the sensors but allow an i.e. 5" window for the other pilot to declare it an honest mistake and ask for forgiveness. If the other pilot is near a combat zone, it should be expected to get some accidental fire, he shouldn't have to be too sensitive about that. Now, if the accidental fire is received by a friendly/allied ship and is not i.e. constant for more than 2", there could be a good chance to forgive you. If it's on a hostile ship, a single shot would be unforgivable. If on an indifferent, maybe something in the middle.
In any case, i think the system as is now could use some improvement.