Most of them are that kind of choice. For starters, once you've decided to have increased jump range on the FSD, there are not one but two special effects which could boost it further. The power plant one is a choice between undersized and overpowered, or stripped down, or low emission. Hull offers a tradeoff. The clean/dirty choice on A or D rated thrusters gives a lot of trade-offs, then there's "stripped down" or other specials. Power distributor offers similar choices. Shield size is a decision (are you planning a lot of landings), then there's "stripped down" or "fast recharge" etc.
If you've played for eight years and done any engineering for exploration you really should know all this.