Outfit a Corvette with lasers (their type will depend on how well you engineer your PD): 2 Huge fixed, 1 Large gimball and 4 M/S turrets (all weapons with efficient modifications, no special effects). No Fighter. Fill it with HRPs (heavy duty), add 2 MRPs, 1 AFMU and Reactive armor (thermal). Biweave shields (thermal), 2 7A SCBs, 6 boosters (3 resistance, 3 heavy duty) and 2 heat sinks (ammo capacity). Charge Enhanced PD and Dirty Drive Thrusters would reduce your TTK drastically.
Sit on a Hazardous RES and shoot at every Wanted ship you see, regardless of what it is, or if they are in a wing. There's absolutely nothing the game can throw at you that call kill a Corvette outfitted like that. Your turrets are there to deal with small ships, prevent shield regeneration and keep your DPS up as you learn how to fight. Focus on hitting with your fixed weapons, you'll get better in time. The gimball will give you extra DPS when your capacitor is full and you are facing your target, stop using it when the PD is depleted. Put 4 pips on Systems and 2 on Weapons. As you get more confident, start moving pips to Weapons. Your goal is to end up having 2 pips on Engines and 4 on Weapons. Put pips back on Systems when you are under heavy fire (3+ enemies), or your shields are going down fast (very rare, but some NPC wings may have especially deadly weapon combos). Restore your shields in between fights, but you should never stop engaging targets as soon as they show up. If you are forced to use your SCBs (when your shields are down to one ring), use them in tandem, and fire 1 heat sink at the same time. You have 5 double SCB cells, and 6 heat sinks (with the ammo cap mod).
Once you get the gist of combat, you should be able to sit on a HAZ RES indefinitely without ever having to use your SCBs, which means you won't ever have to go back to base to resupply.
As you rank up, start ignoring lower ranked NPCs (they stop giving XP, check the wikia). Always prioritize Elite, Deadly and Dangerous NPCs (they always provide XP).
Rinse and repeat a few thousand times, and voilá.