Only ones that damage modules via a module specific effect, or thermal load, not actual weapon damage.
This is pretty much limited to feedback (which damages SCBs) and reverberating cascade (which damages shield generators), as well as thermal shock and thermal cascade effects, which can, in ideal situations, push the target's heat above 100% for long enough that they start to cook.
All direct and splash absolute, kinetic, thermic, and explosive damage will be mitigated by MRPs when being applied to modules.