Not exactly. A coaster under the effects of a different gravitational force would require to be designed differently. Take a coaster on the moon for example. The gravitational force on the moon is approximately 1/6th of Earth's. (9.807 m/s2 vs 1.625 m/s2) So on earth a 100' coaster would reach a top speed of around 55 MPH, but a 100' coaster on the moon would only reach a whopping speed of around 22 MPH! For a roller coaster to reach a top speed of 55 MPH on the moon, it would require a 600' drop! For a roller coaster to reach a top speed of 100 MPH on the moon, it would require a 2,000'+ drop! Also, the size of the supports for a coaster on the moon would be considerably smaller as well.
Looking at the opposite effect, if we were on a planet with three times the gravity of Earth, a 100' coaster would hit a top speed of 95 MPH, while a 35' coaster would hit a top speed of 56 MPH! Not to mention since everyone is already under 3Gs the slightest increase in positive Gs would be painful. And, in order to get airtime, the coaster would have to FLY over hills at much faster rates of speed.
So a coaster designed on earth would not function the same if it were built on another planet. It could either become a snooze fest or a death machine.