I have tried exiting and entering the game multiple times. At least three. From the log, System entries are, indeed, present:
Code:
{16:12:49} EnterLocation: Activity=EnterLocationFinalStep¬e=aborted&Start=0.00&Duration=1.73
{16:12:49} System:0(LP 665-21) Body:2 Pos:(1.45867e+008,-4.55261e+008,-3.63564e+007) NormalFlight
{16:13:05} System:0(LP 665-21) Body:2 Pos:(1.45864e+008,-4.55262e+008,-3.63549e+007) NormalFlight
{16:13:16} System:0(LP 665-21) Body:2 Pos:(1.45862e+008,-4.55263e+008,-3.63535e+007) NormalFlight
{16:13:27} System:0(LP 665-21) Body:2 Pos:(1.4586e+008,-4.55264e+008,-3.63521e+007) NormalFlight
{16:13:39} System:0(LP 665-21) Body:2 Pos:(1.45858e+008,-4.55266e+008,-3.6351e+007) NormalFlight
{16:14:20} ILeftSession(3): 0x0000055f179daae4: 70570709174997 x 58 Name Unknown
Really weird!
I can't explain it.
The only odd thing I can see which might cause trouble is your folder name "[ Steam ]". Now, I realise that the "[" and "]" aren't necessarily illegal filename characters for Windows, but I can kind of foresee something like that causing some bother in some way. Not saying that's what's causing it, but so far you're the only one to be reporting that CL isn't working in the manner in which it isn't working for you.
Certainly seems that you've configured everything correctly, and I can't see any obvious problems in the screenshots you've provided.
So the only thing I can see which might be causing this oddity, is the square brackets (even though technically speaking they're not illegal folder name characters.)
...
In fact, after a bit of research, I'm absolutely convinced the square brackets in your folder name are what's causing problems for Captain's Log. I use a certain function in Python (called glob) which, it turns out - can't really handle square brackets in folder names in the "normal" way...
This StackOverflow article explains the problem;
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2595119/python-glob-and-bracket-characters
There are two ways in which your problem can be fixed...
Either you rename that folder and remove the square brackets - which should get CL up and running properly,
Or you wait until the next version of CL is released. I will try to get a fix in for that for this next version.
Renaming that folder might not be an option for you, as there is the possibility that other games or applications might be expecting the folder name to be the same, and might not work after you rename that folder.
So it looks like you might just have to wait for the next version of CL.
Well, you learn something new every day!
Incidentally,
even Microsoft Excel had problems trying to save Excel worksheets in folders which had square brackets in their name 
To be honest, in my almost 3 decades of being in IT, I've never put square brackets in a folder name on any operating system. I've always had it in my head that those are illegal filename characters, along with others like * and " for example. But it really seems like [ and ] are legal characters.
Like I say, you learn something new every day
