It's super easy to distinguish the two of those. Damage the shields to nill, put 1 pip in, time to full, put 4 pips in, charge to full. Damage the shields with 1 pip to nill, let them recharge, damage them with 4 pips to nill under the same circumstances. Tested. The first test will tell you if pips affect recharge rate (they don't), the second will tell you if pips affect strength (they do).
A friend has actually tested it by turning off the shields and timing the recharge time... their experience shows the pips do affect recharge from turning them back on. Depending on the shields and power distributor though the difference may be marginal.
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Unless the test is done with a variety of configurations on the same ship, any conclusions drawn would be far from conclusive.
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Update
Based on a controlled experiment along the lines outlined above my findings are as follows:-
- Shield Rebuild takes a fixed number of cycles and draws power from the System capacitor, if the capacitor runs dry then the number of pips in systems affects rebuild (0 pips = stops rebuild, 5 pips = maximum rebuild speed)
- Shield Regen from the rebuild point (50%-66%) seems to be affected by system capacitor power availability or the capacitor regen (aka Pip level) if capacitor is empty
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So in essence, shield regen speed may be fixed to a point but it is dependent on stored capacitor power and capacitor regen. I would not be surprised if the maximum system capacitor power drain is directly related to the power draw rating of the shields.
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My test was run on a Diamond Back Explorer with 4B Power Plant (
14.3MW @ 81.1%/94.3% Load), 4A Power Distributer (
Sys:23MJ/1.9MW), 4C Shield Generator (
140.74MJ/2.2MW) plus 2 x D Shield Boosters (
+16%/1MW)
Total Shield Capacity: 163.26MJ.
Numbers taken from Coriolis.
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With 1 pip in System resulted in a single capacitor level drain (
10%) per 2 second recharge cycle (
1.15MW more drain than recharge), 2 pips seemed to be about balanced (
drain to recharge).
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More tests with different kit load-outs would need to be done to form any real hard conclusions, but the available system capacitor power over time (Power Distributer level and System Pips) does have an effect on shield regen and rebuild times.