So, time for a new ship test report for subsurface mining, this time on the Federal Corvette. The build I was running was reminiscent of the build in the OP, but in reality it was my combat Corvette with most of the optional internals, a couple of hardpoints, and a shield booster ripped out and replaced with non-engineered mining stuff (i.e., no lightweighted limpet controllers). As a result, the ship I was running was slightly heavier than the builds I posted in the OP, but the key core internals (i.e., thrusters and FSD) were the same.
The Corvette handles very well for a large ship. I did not feel like moving around the rocks looking for the next deposit was taking ages and the added cargo space is great. I filled up completely in less than 1.5 hours but apart from the mining itself, I was also busy collecting some data on the relation between the number of blue bars in the mini-game and the released number of chunks. (Spoiler alert: Don't hit a 3-bar if you have 2-bars left.) This meant that I deliberately slowed down the mining because I was consciously going for deposits with a number of bars different from 2. In addition, taking notes and counting fragments also slowed down the process so filling up 384+10 tons of LTDs in 1.5 hours under these circumstances must be considered reasonable. I will probably make another couple of runs just to test it out when I actually try to be efficient.
For the hardpoints, I used the size 2 hardpoints for the sub-surface launcers. These are located quite far to the sides and that requires a bit of getting used to in terms of weapon convergence and actually hitting the deposits. A more central placement could benefit the mining, but I wanted to keep the larger hardpoints left in the build from the combat build. I would also say that it is fine to use these hardpoints as you get used to it. When I filled up I had depleted the ammunition of one of the launchers and had used 24 missiles from the other. Had I gone in with the intention of being maximally efficient rather than getting data on different numbers of bars, I might have filled up with one launcher only, but I would anyway suggest bringing two launchers - alternatively one size 2 and one size 1 launcher.
On a note not directly related to mining - I did mention those offensive hardpoints I left in the build ... As I dropped into the rings, an NPC pirate in a DBS dropped in with me to see if I had any goodies. He should not have done that as he was quickly ripped apart by a single salvo of my dual size 4 plasma accelerators. This started off the run quite differently from how I usually do it.