Got into the maelstrom no issues this time, but I have no idea what I'm looking for. I stopped at one combat aftermath spot but nothing was there. Got interdicted after that but outran the scouts with ease.
Started to head towards another signal source about 6000 LS away and:
Interdicted - outran
Interdicted - outran
Interdicted - outran
Interdicted - outran
Interdicted - frustrated as hell, so jumped out of the system back to the carrier.
The Maelstrom appears on the Nav Panel like a space station or moon would. If all you see is "unexplored" in the Nav Panel, it's the usual drill with the FSS. Scan all the planets and the Maelstrom will appear. Another clue s, they are all orbiting an Ammonia world. So look for the Ammonia world signal on the FSS and scan that.
Note that while the exit supercruise notification normally pops up as you go below 1mn distance to go, you need to get within around 500km for the notification to appear for a Maelstrom. When you're close enough you see this cloud in space appear.
It is common to be interdicted very close to the Maelstrom. I've gone back into supercruise when only 600km from the Maelstrom many times.
Tip - don't plot a route back to the carrier until you have left the Maelstrom. That way with the Maelstrom targeted you can face directly away from it and keep boosting to get the fastest route out of the Maelstrom and away from the very, very large mass lock zone... while the last 25% of your hull is melting.
Focus on just collecting caustic shards that float randomly around on one/few trips to get 20+ units. Next trip, destroy some Caustic Generators to get the parts they drop (
Corrosive Mechanisms 10, Propulsion Elements 5). This will usually attract Interceptors. Now make trips to get Caustic Tissue samples. One per trip, or two if you are getting good at it and store them on the carrier. Then get the Caustic Sink Launcher from a rescue ship. Then go back to the Maelstrom to smack into the wave thing 5 times by trying to get to the centre. Once you have done that you need 5 Thargoid sensor fragments. Then get 3 Guardian Relics plus a Thargoid Sensor or probe and take to the the
Thargoid Surface Site (which is a wrecked Titan from years ago) where you can turn them nto Unclassified Relics. This is a task best done in a Phantom / Asp X / DBX with a corrosion resistant cargo rack (for the 1t Thargoid Sensor) as you cannot land a Clipper very close to the Guardian Ruins or Thargoid Surface Site.
Finally you can head to a Rescue Ship and unlock the TG Pulse Neutraliser. Then you can get to the centre of the Maelstrom and look at the Titan, and, collect even more materials from it's surface and orifices which might be useful one day. Nobody knows....